Industrial ceramics, uas yog, ceramics rau industrial ntau lawm thiab cov khoom lag luam. Nws yog ib hom zoo ceramics, uas tuaj yeem ua si txhua yam, thermal, tshuaj thiab lwm yam haujlwm hauv daim ntawv thov. Vim tias cov khoom siv ceramics muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo, xws li kub tsis kam, tiv thaiv corrosion, hnav tsis kam, yaig tsis kam, thiab lwm yam, lawv tuaj yeem hloov cov ntaub ntawv hlau thiab cov ntaub ntawv organic macromolecule rau kev ua haujlwm hnyav. Lawv tau dhau los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov pauv kev lag luam, kev lag luam tawm tshiab thiab kev lag luam high-tech. Lawv tau dav siv nyob rau hauv lub zog, aerospace, machinery, tsheb, electronics, tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam thiab lwm yam kev lag luam. Wide application prospects. Ceramics nrog zoo corrosion kuj thiab tshuaj stability nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lom enzymes yog siv los tsim crucibles, tshav kub exchangers thiab biomaterials xws li hniav dag lacquer pob qij txha rau smelting hlau. Ceramics nrog tshwj xeeb neutron ntes thiab nqus tau siv los tsim ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob nuclear.
1. Calcium oxide ceramics
Calcium oxide ceramics yog ceramics tsuas yog tsim los ntawm calcium oxide.Properties: Calcium oxide muaj NaCl siv lead ua qauv nrog qhov ntom ntawm 3.08-3.40g / cm thiab melting point ntawm 2570 C.It muaj thermodynamic stability thiab siv tau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (2000). C). Nws muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qis nrog cov hlau ua haujlwm siab melts thiab muaj kuab paug tsawg los ntawm cov pa oxygen lossis impurity cov ntsiab lus. Cov khoom muaj qhov zoo corrosion kuj rau molten hlau thiab molten calcium phosphate. Nws tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev nias qhuav lossis grouting.
Daim ntawv thov:
1)Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntim rau smelting non-ferrous hlau, xws li siab purity platinum thiab uranium.
2)Calcium oxide cib stabilized los ntawm titanium dioxide tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv hauv ob sab phlu rau cov rotary kiln ntawm molten phosphate ore.
3)Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm thermodynamic stability, CaO tshaj SiO 2, MgO, Al2O 3 thiab ZrO 2, thiab yog siab tshaj nyob rau hauv oxides. Cov cuab yeej no qhia tau hais tias nws tuaj yeem siv los ua ib qho crucible rau melting hlau thiab alloys.
4)Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hlau melting, CaO samplers thiab cov raj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem siv tau, uas feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tswj kom zoo lossis kev tswj kub ntawm cov hlau ua kom muaj zog xws li cov titanium alloys siab.
5)Ntxiv rau qhov saum toj no, CaO ceramics kuj tsim nyog rau lub tes tsho rwb thaiv tsev rau arc melting lossis cov hlab ntsha rau kev sib npaug.
sim cov ces kaum.
Calcium oxide muaj ob qhov tsis zoo:
①Nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau react nrog dej los yog carbonate nyob rau hauv cov huab cua.
②Nws tuaj yeem yaj nrog oxides xws li hlau oxide ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov kev ua slagging no yog vim li cas cov ceramics yooj yim rau corrode thiab tsis muaj zog. Cov kev tsis txaus no kuj ua rau nws nyuaj rau calcium oxide ceramics kom dav siv. Raws li cov ceramics, CaO tseem nyob rau hauv nws cov me nyuam mos. Nws muaj ob sab, qee zaum ruaj khov thiab qee zaum tsis ruaj khov. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, peb tuaj yeem npaj nws txoj kev siv zoo dua thiab ua kom nws koom nrog cov qib ntawm ceramics los ntawm kev nce qib ntawm cov khoom siv raw, kev tsim, tua hluav taws thiab lwm yam thev naus laus zis.
2. Zircon ceramics
Zircon ceramics yog ceramics tsuas yog tsim los ntawm zircon (ZrSiO4).
Khoom:Zircon ceramics muaj thermal poob siab tsis kam, acid tsis kam thiab tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov, tab sis tsis zoo alkali tsis kam. Lub thermal expansion coefficient thiab thermal conductivity ntawm zircon ceramics yog tsawg, thiab lawv lub zog dabtsi yog khoov tuaj yeem tswj tau ntawm 1200-1400 C yam tsis muaj kev txo qis, tab sis lawv cov khoom siv tshuab tsis zoo. Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm zoo ib yam li cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb ceramics.
Daim ntawv thov:
1)Raws li cov kua qaub refractory, zircon tau dav siv nyob rau hauv qis alkali aluminoborosilicate iav kilns rau iav pob thiab iav fiber ntau lawm. Zircon ceramics muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua hluav taws xob insulators thiab lub txim hluav taws xob.
2)Feem ntau yog siv rau kev ua kom muaj zog high-temperature electric ceramics, ceramics, crucibles, high-temperature kiln burning phaj, iav rauv hauv ob sab phlu, infrared radiation ceramics, thiab lwm yam.
3)Yuav ua tau rau hauv cov khoom uas nyias-walled - crucible, thermocouple tes tsho, nozzle, tuab-walled khoom - mortar, thiab lwm yam.
4)Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias zircon muaj tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov, kev ruaj ntseg txhua yam, thermal stability thiab hluav taws xob ruaj khov. Nws muaj qhov ua tau zoo rau cov actinides xws li U, Pu, Am, Np, Nd thiab Pa.
Tam sim no, kev tshawb fawb txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab cov khoom siv ntawm zircon ceramics tsis tau tshaj tawm, uas cuam tshuam rau kev kawm ntxiv ntawm nws cov khoom rau qee yam thiab txwv tsis pub siv zircon ceramics.
3. Lithium oxide ceramics
Lithium oxide ceramics yog ceramics uas nws cov khoom tseem ceeb yog Li2O, Al2O3 thiab SiO2. Cov khoom siv ntxhia tseem ceeb uas muaj Li2O hauv qhov xwm txheej yog spodumene, lithium-permeable feldspar, lithium-phosphorite, lithium mica thiab nepheline.
Cov khoom: Lub ntsiab crystalline theem ntawm lithium oxide ceramics yog nepheline thiab spodumene, uas yog yus muaj los ntawm tsawg thermal expansion coefficient thiab zoo thermal shock resistance.Li2O yog ib hom oxide sab nraum lub network, uas yuav ntxiv dag zog rau lub iav network thiab zoo txhim kho cov tshuaj stability ntawm iav.
Daim ntawv thov:Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua hauv ob sab phlu, thermocouple tiv thaiv raj, qhov kub thiab txias, cov khoom siv hauv chav kuaj, cov khoom siv ua noj, thiab lwm yam ntawm cov hluav taws xob furnaces (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog induction cub tawg). Li2O-A12O3-SiO 2 (LAS) series cov ntaub ntawv yog cov tsis tshua muaj expansion ceramics, uas yuav siv tau raws li thermal shock resistant cov ntaub ntawv, Li2O kuj yuav siv tau raws li ceramic binder, thiab muaj peev xwm thov nqi nyob rau hauv iav kev lag luam.
4. Ceria ceramics
Cerium oxide ceramics yog ceramics nrog cerium oxide ua cov khoom tseem ceeb.
Khoom:Cov khoom muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb lub ntiajteb txawj nqus ntawm 7.73 thiab ib tug melting point ntawm 2600 ℃ .Nws yuav ua Ce2O3 nyob rau hauv txo cov cua, thiab lub melting point yuav txo los ntawm 2600 ℃ mus rau 1690 ℃ . Lub resistivity yog 2 x 10 ohm cm ntawm 700 ℃ thiab 20 ohm cm ntawm 1200 ℃. Tam sim no, muaj ntau yam txheej txheem thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim khoom ntawm cerium oxide hauv Suav teb raws li hauv qab no: Tshuaj oxidation, suav nrog huab cua oxidation thiab poov tshuaj permanganate oxidation; Roasting oxidation method
Txoj kev cais cais tawm
Daim ntawv thov:
1)Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom cua sov, crucible rau smelting hlau thiab semiconductor, lub tes tsho thermocouple, thiab lwm yam.
2)Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua sintering pab rau silicon nitride ceramics, nrog rau kev hloov pauv aluminium titanate puas ceramics, thiab CeO 2 yog qhov zoo tagnrho toughening.
stabilizer.
3)Tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb tricolor phosphor nrog 99.99% CeO 2 yog ib yam khoom siv luminous rau lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob, uas muaj lub teeb pom kev zoo, zoo xim rendering thiab lub neej ntev.
4)CeO 2 polishing hmoov nrog ib pawg loj dua 99% muaj qhov siab hardness, me me thiab cov khoom me me thiab cov angular siv lead ua, uas yog tsim rau kev kub ceev polishing ntawm iav.
5)Siv 98% CeO 2 ua decolorizer thiab clarifier tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov zoo thiab cov khoom ntawm iav thiab ua rau nws siv tau ntau dua.
6)Ceria ceramics tsis zoo thermal stability thiab muaj zog rhiab heev rau huab cua, uas txwv nws siv rau qee yam.
5. Thorium oxide ceramics
Thorium oxide ceramics xa mus rau ceramics nrog ThO2 ua cov khoom tseem ceeb.
Khoom:ntshiab thorium oxide yog cubic crystal system, fluorite-hom qauv, thermal expansion coefficient ntawm thorium oxide ceramics loj, 9.2 * 10 / ℃ ntawm 25-1000 ℃, thermal conductivity qis dua, 0.105 J / (cm.s ℃ at 100 ℃, lub thermal stability tsis zoo, tab sis lub melting kub yog siab, siab kub conductivity yog zoo, thiab muaj radioactivity (10% PVA tov raws li tus neeg sawv cev ncua kev kawm) los yog nias (20% thorium tetrachloride li binder) tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim.
Daim ntawv thov:Feem ntau yog siv los ua crucible rau smelting osmium, ntshiab rhodium thiab refining radium, raws li cua sov caij, raws li qhov chaw nrhiav teeb, incandescent teeb ntxoov ntxoo, los yog nuclear roj, raws li cathode ntawm hluav taws xob raj, electrode rau arc melting, thiab lwm yam.
6. Alumina Ceramics
Raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm lub ntsiab crystalline theem hauv ceramic billet, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua corundum porcelain, corundum-mullite porcelain thiab mullite porcelain. Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua 75, 95 thiab 99 ceramics raws li qhov loj ntawm AL2O3.
Daim ntawv thov:
Alumina ceramics muaj siab melting point, siab hardness, siab zog, zoo tshuaj corrosion kuj thiab dielectric zog. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj lub siab brittleness, tsis zoo cuam tshuam tsis kam thiab thermal shock resistance, thiab tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hloov pauv loj hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Nws tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov kav dej kub kub, cov kab hauv ob sab phlu, cov hlua hluav taws xob ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv, cov cuab yeej txiav nrog cov tawv tawv siab, thiab lub tes tsho thermocouple insulating.
7. Silicon carbide ceramics
Silicon carbide ceramics yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, siab thermal conductivity, siab hnav tsis kam, corrosion kuj thiab creep kuj. Lawv feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom siv kub kub sintering hauv kev tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws thiab Aerospace Science thiab thev naus laus zis. Lawv yog siv los tsim cov khoom kub xws li nozzles rau foob pob ua ntxaij nozzles, caj pas rau casting hlau, thermocouple bushings thiab rauv tubes.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-16-2019